Improvement in churns



una am @anni ffm.

GEORGE W. ooEEI'I; JAMES M.A ORPUT, ANDGEOEGE M; oAsE-'oEj-MA-LTA,

/ ILLINOIS.

Leiters Patent No. 77,172, datediprz'Z. 28,1868.

IMPEoVEMENTINoEUENs.

T0 ALL WHOM IT MAY CON CERN :I

Be it I :nown that we, Gannon W. Connrr, J'Aiuss M. Onrn'r, and GEORGE CASE, allof Malta, eounty of 'De Kalb, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful.improvementsv in 'the method of changing the rotary motion produced by spiral springs intoareciprocating motion, andin applying the same toGhurns;

and we dohereby declare ,that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference bein'g'had to the 'annexed drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which-- Figure l is a vertical section through the vback part` of the machine, showi'ngfthe'springs and otheraeloek. Work by which the churn is driven.

Figure 2 is a plan of the churn, or ahoriz'ontal section, 4showing the inside ofthe churn proper, and also the clock-work. f

` Figure 3 is a vertical section through the body o'f the churn, from side to side.

Figure 4'is a vertical section through the whole churn and clockwork, from front to reart Figure 5 is onel of the cog-wheels, with its ratchet-wheel attached, belonging to .the clock-work. Figure 6 represents one of the springs that move the works. Figure? represents the cam afg, tig. 1, with the -groove infwhich the rollers on the large wheel 1 2l 3 4 are made vto slide. I v l The object of our invention is to save the manual labor now required, when `churning in the ordinary way, by providing a simple automatic machine, to be attached to the churn, or made a part of it', -by which-the dasher of the churn may bekept in motion; and also to furnish acliurn better adapted for vuse in connection with such a machine than those now employed.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention, we will nowde'seribe itsv construction' and operation.

The body of the churmisof a semi-cylindrical form, as shown in iig. 2I1 and iniig. 3. In iig. 2b we have v shown the length and width, and, iniig. 3, the length and depth of the churn.` A wooden bar, Cv D, figs. 2",

and 4", turns on journals, in bearings Amade in the two sides of thechurn. The bearing in the outerside, towards D, is simply a round hole of thepropersizefor the journal to vturn in. The bearing on'the inner side, at C, is in a narrow cut or opening, extending quite to the top ofthe churn, so that this bar C D, with the other parts attached to it, may be readily removed forthe purpose o't cleaning .the churn. Projecting from the bar C D, at right angles to each other, are two sets of teeth, very similar to the teeth of a common hay-rake, but made tapering, as shownV in the drawings. When the bar C D is. put in motion, as hereafter' shown, these-two sets of teeth are made to iiy back and forth between two other sets of teeth that are attached-*to a frame set in the bottom of the churn, as shown 'in gs' 2,' 3, an'd 4. In iig. 2b wehavethese .two sets of teeth pointing upwards, and towards the bar C D, as they-would look when seen from above. In fig. 3, their .exact position,

or that oi' one tooth in each set, is clearly shown. The teeth attachedto the vibrating-bar C D, it willbe seen, pass between the teeth set in the frame. This frame is made simply by connecting the two bars F and HG, iig. 2", by two thin strips of metal, indicated by the dotted-lines 1.1K 'Iain fig. 3, giving the shape and position of one of these strips, the other occupying' a corresponding position on the other side of the churn. This frame, with its teeth attached, can easily be slipped out of the churn', after removing the bar C, D, and the cover'of the churn.

The sides of the churn are of wood; the bottom, A M B, iig. 8, is of zinc, with a border or frame of wood,

at A a and B b. Other materials may, of course, be used, if desired. At the'bottom of the outer straight side of the churn there is a small opening for drawing oii the buttermilk, stopped with an ordinary wooden plug. Y

'Iwo of the legs are shown at Y Z', iig. 3.

We come now to describe the machinery by which the churn is driven. N O P, gs. l and 2? represent three spiral springs, vwound-about the axes R S T, iigLQ". They are wound up in the usual manner, with a key fitted vto the square ends U W V, -g- 25. The back of the churn may open for this purpose on hinges, orkey-holesjmay be made in it, as may be preferred. One of these spiral springs is shown fully at iig, 6, with the peg or bolt X7 to which one end-is attached.

Connected with these springs 4in the usual way are three ratchet-wheels and cog-'wheels attached, one for each spring. One of these ratchet-wheels, with its cog-wheel, is shown in fig. 5. The teeth or coge are not there shown, however, but are indicated, though imperfectly in tig. 2.

A:Between these three cog-wheels is a fourth cog-wheel or pinion, m, figs. 2and 4", which is driven by them,

` and which itself in turn gives motion to the .shaft supportingthe large wheel, 1.2 3 4, 1.

On` the circumference of this wheel are placed a numberof smallwheels or rollers, as shown in the drawing, and, as the` large wheel revolves, these rollers, each i\n turn, pass through the groove` e f g in theca'm, shown in its proper place'in fig. `1, and again alone'lin fig, 7, causing it to Hy back and forth with great velocity, and thus tofgive motion to the horizontal bar b h, figs.'1 and 2, which, by mea'ue of the co'gs or teeth cnt inits lower side, is made to work the fan-shapedcam, up, figs. 1 and 3, and thus drive-the bar C D, to the journal' of which the cam isfattached. i i .V i

The cam efg is supported' dnthe rod gA 'r, iig. 1,` which rocks on a pivot at its lower end.

At t, g. 1,` is a. brake, attached by aspringlto theA side of the frame supporting the clock-work.V This brake, o'n being forced against the surface Vof the large wheel by the set-screw w, will either check its speed or stop it altogether, as may bel desired. I l p The clock-work is enclosed in a wooden case', not unlike an ordinary clock-case, but of simpler construction.

and having doors opening both in front and rear.

The bar b h, figs. 1 and 2, is placed juston the outside -of the door, next the churn, and is supported at one end in a. socket or bearing, v, figs. 1 and 2, attached to'the door.

As at'the commencement' of the churning less force is required than later in the operation, the two springs N O, figs. 1 and 2, are all that need to be used-at iirst. VAfter the butter. has begun to come, the third wheel and spring IP may also be brought intoplay. r

In order to eifect this, the pinion m, g. 2, is made in two parts, asshown in the drawing, one being designated as m, the other as m. m is rfirmly attached to the axis S, but in is' made to slide freely upon it.

4:By means ofa set-screw working inV the frame, above the axis W, iig. 2", and opposite the point marked lin g. 1, this pnionm can be'moved out and in on the axis. When moved, into the position shown in -iig. 2, the pinion takes hold of tbe cog-wheel P, anal at the same time catches into the pinion m, by meansof projections on the side or end of one fitting into openings in the end of -the other. The two pinions thusbecome one, and areboth driven by all the wheels. 'By turning the set-screw in the. opposite direction, the pinion m is unlocked both from the wheel IP and the pinion m.

-Having'thus described the various parts, whatwe claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1..The combination of the cam efg, barf Il, and wheel 1 2 3 4, substantially as described.

-2. The method of connecting and detaching the cog-wheel P with the other parts by the device substantially' as described. v

3. The combination of the cam efg and wheel 12 3.4, substantially asdescribed.V

GEORGE w. ooRBiT, JAMES M. ORPUT, GEORGE M. CASE.

Witnesses JOHN T. EARL, Rionann Roesems. 

